Assessing the reliability of the short form 12 sf12 health survey in. The 12item medical outcomes study short form health. Stata module to validate sf12 input and calculate sf12. The effects of using different approaches to scoring the sf12 summary scales of physical and mental health were examined with a view to informing the design and interpretation of communitybased survey research. A generic, multipurpose shortform survey with 12 questions selected from the sf 36 health survey which, when combined, scored and weighted, results in two scales of mental and physical functioning and overall healthrelated quality of life.
All questions are scored on a scale from 0 to 100, with 100 representing the highest level of functioning possible. However, there is an online calculator here that uses the first version. If the summary scores of the sf12 are highly correlated with those of the sf36, the benefits of using a shorter healthstatus measure may be realized without. During the past 4 weeks, were you limited in the kind of work you do or other regular activities as a result of any emotional problems such as feeling depressed or anxious. Medical outcomes study questionnaire short form 36 health survey sf36 about. A generic, multipurpose shortform survey with 12 questions selected from the sf36 health survey which, when combined, scored and weighted, results in two scales of mental and physical functioning and overall healthrelated quality of life. The sf12 is the abridged practical version of the 36item short form health survey sf36 that is developed as an applicable instrument for measuring healthrelated quality of life 1, 2. Is the standard sf12 health survey valid and equivalent for. Use of the sf12 instrument for measuring the health of homeless.
The instrument is primarily used to measure health related quality of life, to. To evaluate the construct validity of the short form 12item survey sf12 among. How to score version 2 of the sf 12 health survey with a supplement documenting version 1 author. The sf36 data of 2410 chinese adults randomly selected from the general population of hong kong hk were analysed. Rand health care has put the following mos short form health surveys in the public domain for noncommercial use, by posting them on the rand health care website. Generic patientreported outcome pro measures like the sf12 assess general health and wellbeing or healthrelated quality of life hrqol, including the impact of any and all illnesses on a broad range of functional domains. The sf 12 is not available on the rand health care website. The sf 12 is a multipurpose short form survey with 12 questions, all selected from the sf 36 health survey ware, kosinski, and keller, 1996. The sf 12 was constructed using questions drawn from each of the 8 dimensions of the mos 36 item short form survey sf36. How to score the sf12 physical and mental health summary. Although differences in scores between different scoring systems for the sf12 may be minor, clinicians and researchers should note the version of the sf12 they are using. For ease of reference, scoring instructions for the sf12 are provided in the appendix below. Sf 12 health survey this survey asks for your views about your health.
To find the total raw score, sum the values of the response to each question. Sf12 health survey scoring demonstration this survey asks for your views about your health. The 20item short form health survey sf 20 was developed for the medical outcomes study mos, a multiyear study of patients with chronic conditions. The effects of using different approaches to scoring the sf 12 summary scales of physical and mental health were examined with a view to informing the design and interpretation of commun. The sf12 items themselves are not included in the calculation of any epic domain scores.
It is a practical, reliable and valid measure of physical and mental health that can be completed in five to ten minutes. Validity of the sf12 for use in a lowincome african american communitybased research initiative reach 2010 original research suggested citation for this article. It yields an 8scale profile including functional health, and mental health. Assessing the reliability of the short form 12 sf12.
In practice, however, our analyses and comparisons with other utah survey results indicate that its inclusion had a negligible effect on the data distribution and on sf12 summary scale values. Instructions for manual scoring for a given short form, each response option is assigned a value e. Short form 12 item version 2 health survey abilitylab. This information will help keep track of how you feel and how well you are able to do your usual activities. Because the shorter forms sf 12 or sf 8 depend on just one or two items in each scale as representation of a particular health concept, they produce a less precise measure than the full sf 36. Medical outcomes study questionnaire short form 36 health survey this survey asks for your views about your health. For each of the following questions, please circle. Taking only two to three minutes to complete, the sf12v2 is a practical, reliable and valid measure of physical and mental health. To investigate whether a shorter health status instrument, the short form sf12, is comparable with its longer version, the sf36, for measuring health related quality of life of patients with coronary heart disease. Short form 12 item version 2 health survey rehabmeasures. How to score version 2 of the sf12 health survey with a supplement documenting version 1 by john e. This manual describes selfadministered patient questionnaires that were developed for patients participating in the medical outcomes study.
The optum sf12v2 health survey is a shorter version of the sf36v2 health survey that uses just 12 questions to measure functional health and wellbeing from the patients point of view. It provides a comprehensive, psychometrically sound, and efficient way to measure health from the patients point of view by scoring standardized responses to standard questions. All respondentss answers to sf36 were analyzed using a software that made data processing a lot easier and it established the final results of the selfevaluation. The sf12v2 is a healthrelated qualityoflife questionnaire. We focus on the mental summary measure of the sf12, which has been obtained following two already available scoring methods. Use of the sf12 is governed by qualitymetric, which has no affiliation with rand. The short form 12 sf12 has not been validated for longterm dialysis patients. Replicability of sf36 summary scores by the sf12 in. Validity of the sf 12 for use in a lowincome african american communitybased research initiative reach 2010. There are 3 steps involved in calculating the sf12 physical component summary pcs and mental component.
The sum of the raw values for items 3541 provides the total aua symptom score. How to score the sf12 physical and mental health summary scales john e ware on. Interpreting the sf 12 the results for this report are based on the responses of 7,520 respondents in the 2001 utah health status survey hss. The sf12, which stands for shortform 12question, is a brief inventory of selfreported mental and physical health. Interpreting the sf12 the results for this report are based on the responses of 7,520 respondents in the 2001 utah health status survey hss. The pdf version of that measure has the correct values for each response option. Assessing the reliability of the short form 12 sf12 health. For ease of reference, scoring instructions for the sf 12 are provided in the appendix below.
The sf20 is a set of generic, coherent, and easily administered qualityoflife measures. A comparison of sf36 and sf12 composite scores and. The mental component of the shortform 12 health survey sf12. This information will help you keep track of how you feel and how well you are able to do your usual activities. Individuals can register and complete a demo sample of each survey for free. This is a generic assessment of healthrelated quality of life hr qol from the clientpatients perspective. Assessment of the sf36 version 2 in the united kingdom. Assessment of the sf36 version 2 in the united kingdom crispin jenkinson, sarah stewartbrown, sophie petersen, colin paice abstract objectivesto introduce the uk sf36 version ii sf36ii, and to a gain population norms for the uk sf36ii in a large community sample as well as to explore the instruments internal consistency reli. Taking only two to three minutes to complete, the sf12v2 is a practical, reliable and valid measure of.
Healthrelated quality of life hrqol and health state utility value hsuv measurements are vital components of healthcare clinical and economic evaluations. The difference score is perhaps the most intuitive way to judge a persons score. Two summary scores are reported from the sf 12 a mental component score mcs 12 and a physical component score pcs 12. Because the shorter forms sf12 or sf8 depend on just one or two items in each scale as representation of a particular health concept, they produce a less precise measure than the full sf36. How to score the sf12 physical and mental health summary scales find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Sf36 introduction the sf36 is a multipurpose, shortform health survey with only 36 questions1. The sf12 is a multipurpose short form survey with 12 questions, all selected from the sf36 health survey ware, kosinski, and keller, 1996. Only rows that are correct are used for calculating the sf12 t scores. The 12item short form health survey sf12 was developed for the medical. Sf12v2 is a shortened form 12 items of the sf36v2 health survey. Of the 149 items that were administered to the panel patients in the study, the mos investigators determined 116 items to be the core set that defined a comprehensive battery of functioning and wellbeing indicators. The medical outcomes study mos measures of quality of life core survey was a twoyear study of patients with chronic conditions. Accordingly, the sf12 can be used at the summary score level as a substitute for the sf36 in stroke survivors capable of selfreport. The aim of this study was to determine if the standard sf12 was valid and equivalent for a chinese population.
The resulting shortform survey instrument provides a solution to the problem faced by many investigators who must restrict survey length. Original research validity of the sf12 for use in a low. Survey is administered as a questionnaire and can be selfadministered or completed through an interview. Assessment of the sf36 version 2 in the united kingdom crispin jenkinson, sarah stewartbrown, sophie petersen, colin paice abstract objectivesto introduce the uk. The short form 12 health survey measures generic health concepts relevant across age, disease, and treatment groups. Scoring instructions for mos 12item short form survey instrument sf12. Larson co, schlundt d, patel k, beard k, hargreaves m. Validity of the sf12 for use in a lowincome african american communitybased research initiative reach 2010. Rate how much of a burden it is to perform all the things you need to do in a normal day. In practice, however, our analyses and comparisons with other utah survey results indicate that its inclusion had a negligible effect on the data distribution and on sf 12 summary scale values. The mental component of the shortform 12 health survey.
A resource manual of tested questionnaires and practical advice. However, these updates are proprietary, unlike the original sf 12. If you are unsure how to answer a question, please give the best answer you can. We refer to it as a generic health survey because it can be used across age 18 and older, disease, and treatment group, as opposed to a. The sf 12 items themselves are not included in the calculation of any epic domain scores. The sf12 was administered and scored according to three algorithms. The sf12 was scored using the recommended medical outcomes study mos. There is a scoring guide for both versions available here. How to score the sf12 physical and mental health summary scales. Bathing or dressing yourself yes, limited a lot yes, limited a little no, not limited at all physical health problems. The veterans rand 12 item health survey vr12 is a brief, generic, multiuse, selfadministered health. How to score version 2 of the sf12 health survey with a supplement documenting version 1 author. Subsequent updates to the sf12 have been made that align the scores with more recent u.
Medical outcomes survey mos measures of quality of life. Ware, 2002, health assessment lab edition, unknown binding in english. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition criteria. Is the standard sf12 health survey valid and equivalent. How to score the sf 12 physical and mental health summary scales. How to score the sf 12 physical and mental health summary scales find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. We followed the method described in the sf12v2 manual to compute the score for each domain as well as the physical and mental composite. Medical outcomes study questionnaire short form 36 health. The standard form, with a recall period of 4 weeks in most of the items but three, was administered to all respondents. The sf12 is not available on the rand health care website. Scoring the auasi and sf12 scoring the aua symptom index. Rand recommends the following straightforward approach to scoring the rand 36 item health survey. Conclusionsthe sf12 reproduced sf36 summary scores without substantial loss of information in stroke patients.
Unlike the sf36, the sf12 is not available for free by its authors, due to a scoring programme. The 12item shortform health survey sf12 is one of few instruments that can evaluate both hrqol and hsuv, but its validity has not been assessed in people. The sf 36 summary scores pcs36 and mcs36 range from 0 to 100, with higher scores representing better selfreported health, and they were calculated using standard usderived scoring algorithms from ware et al. The study compared physical and mental component summary pcsmcs scores from the sf36 with those from the embedded. The instrument contains eight subscales as original 36item questionnaire. The optum sf36v2 health survey asks 36 questions to measure functional health and wellbeing from the patients point of view. The main objective of this manual is to document and explain each step in the scoring of sf12v2 scales and summary measures using normbased scoring nbs algorithms. The main objective of this manual is to document and explain each step in the scoring of sf 12v2 scales and summary measures using normbased scoring nbs algorithms. Bentleralpha, dimensionfree, and modelbased internal consistency reliability. Sf12 patient questionnaire hoag orthopedic institute. The veterans rand 12 item health survey vr12 is a brief, generic, multiuse, selfadministered health survey comprised of 12 items. The 20item short form health survey sf20 was developed for the medical outcomes study mos, a multiyear study of patients with chronic conditions.
How to score version 2 of the sf12 health survey with a. During the past 4 weeks, have you had any of the following problems with your work or other regular daily activities as. The shortform36 health survey 1 excerpt from ian mcdowell, measuring health. It was developed for the medical outcomes study mos, a multiyear study of patients with chronic conditions. Accurate measurement of hsuv and hrqol require validated instruments. However, these updates are proprietary, unlike the original sf12. Subsequent updates to the sf 12 have been made that align the scores with more recent u. It is designed to have similar performance to the sf36, while taking less time to complete. Prospective cohort study with follow up at six and 12 months.
Pros brevity, ease of scoring, high retest reliability. Aggregate scores are compiled as a percentage of the total points possible, using the rand scoring table step i chart. A comparison of sf36 and sf12 composite scores and subsequent hospitalization and mortality risks in longterm dialysis patients. Measuring physical and mental health using the sf12. The sf 12, which stands for shortform 12 question, is a brief inventory of selfreported mental and physical health. Sf36, merlin software, validity, reliability, health status, data process. You need to calculate a total summed raw score for each respondent. Data from a populationbased study of 7485 participants in three cohorts aged 2024, 4044 and 6064 years were used to examine relationships among measures. Replicability of sf36 summary scores by the sf12 in stroke. Although differences in scores between different scoring systems for the sf 12 may be minor, clinicians and researchers should note the version of the sf 12 they are using.
Use of the sf 12 is governed by qualitymetric, which has no affiliation with rand. Background and purposethe replicability of the physical and mental component summary scores of the short form sf36 has been established using the sf12 in selected patient populations but has yet to be assessed in stroke patients. The validity of the sf12 and sf6d instruments in people. Validity of the sf 12 for use in a lowincome african american communitybased research initiative reach 2010 original research suggested citation for this article. Psychometric properties of the trait emotional intelligence questionnaire. Orebro musculoskeletal screening questionnaire omsq short. Scoring instructions for the university of michigan. Chinese is the worlds largest ethnic group but few healthrelated quality of life hrqol measures have been tested on them. The short form12 health survey measures generic health concepts relevant across age, disease, and treatment groups. To provide new zealand population norms for version 2 of the sf. Sf12 health survey this survey asks for your views about your health. Developed to be a much shorter, yet valid, alternative to the sf36 for use in large surveys of general and specific populations as well as large longitudinal studies of health outcomes. We followed the method described in the sf12v2 manual to compute the score.
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